Heat transfer occurs through three primary methods: conduction, convection, and radiation. Cooling fans primarily utilize forced convection to efficiently dissipate heat. Conduction relies on direct contact within solids or stationary fluids, convection transfers heat through fluid movement (e.g., air), and radiation emits energy via electromagnetic waves without a medium. Cooling fans enhance thermal management by actively circulating air, making them essential for electronics, industrial machinery, and ventilation systems. High-performance fans like Sanyo Denki’s San Ace 136RF (bidirectional airflow design) exemplify optimized heat transfer solutions. Key Highlights: Three heat transfer modes: Conduction, convection (natural/forced), radiation. Core mechanism of cooling fans: Forced convection. Applications: Electronics cooling, industrial equipment, ventilation. Example: San Ace 136RF (dual airflow technology).